Skip to main content

Gross internal expenditure on R&D in relation to GDP

Gross internal expenditure on R&D in relation to GDP 2015
Catalonia Spain European Union-27
Total 1.45 1.22 2.12 (e) Estimated value
Business enterprise sector 0.83 0.64 1.37 (e) Estimated value
Government sector 0.28 0.23 0.26 (e) Estimated value
Higher education sector 0.33 0.34 0.48 (e) Estimated value
Private non-profit sector 0.01 0.00 0.01 (e) Estimated value
Units: %.
Source Catalonia: Idescat, based on the INE's statistics on R&D activities. Source Spain and European Union: Eurostat.
(e) Estimated value.
Indicador ODS Indicator 09.10 from the EU Sustainable Development Goals

Last update: September 23, 2020. Revised series on December 23, 2021.

RD

These statistics have a specific section with all the information available: Statistics on R&D Activities (RD).

Methodological note

The indicator measures gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) as a percentage of the gross domestic product (GDP). "Research and experimental development (R&D) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications" (Frascati Manual, 2002 edition, § 63).

See also