Harmonised Business Confidence Index (HBCI)
Total | By activity sectors | Industry | Construction | Trade | Accommodation and food service activities and transport | Other services | By size of the business | Less than 10 wage-earners | From 10 to 49 wage earners | From 50 to 199 wage earners | From 200 to 999 wage-earners | 1000 or more wage-earners | By chamber | Chamber of Barcelona | Rest of chambers of Barcelona | Chambers of Girona | Chambers of Lleida | Chambers of Tarragona | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q2/2024 | 137.5 | 128.8 | 153.4 | 141.9 | 160.5 | 132.2 | 140.2 | 144.2 | 135.6 | 129.1 | 125.2 | 136.9 | 132.2 | 137.5 | 149.1 | 141.6 | |||
Q1/2024 | 134.3 | 124.2 | 154.1 | 139.5 | 152.8 | 130.1 | 137.2 | 140.2 | 133.1 | 124.8 | 125.7 | 133.4 | 129.1 | 134.8 | 149.4 | 136.5 | |||
Q4/2023 | 133.8 | 122.4 | 151.0 | 141.6 | 154.4 | 129.2 | 137.3 | 140.2 | 131.8 | 123.2 | 126.4 | 132.9 | 128.7 | 134.1 | 146.7 | 137.8 | |||
Q3/2023 | 136.8 | 124.1 | 153.7 | 146.3 | 158.4 | 132.0 | 139.7 | 142.5 | 137.9 | 123.1 | 132.3 | 134.8 | 129.6 | 142.5 | 148.3 | 143.1 | |||
Q2/2023 | 135.3 | 125.7 | 155.5 | 142.7 | 151.4 | 130.2 | 138.8 | 143.6 | 136.3 | 118.5 | 125.8 | 132.7 | 131.1 | 137.8 | 147.8 | 140.0 | |||
Q1/2023 | 131.5 | 122.5 | 151.5 | 139.4 | 146.3 | 126.2 | 134.3 | 138.4 | 130.7 | 118.6 | 126.3 | 131.7 | 127.1 | 128.3 | 145.1 | 133.7 | |||
Q4/2022 | 131.8 | 119.3 | 149.7 | 137.9 | 152.6 | 128.3 | 136.3 | 137.6 | 130.5 | 120.3 | 123.3 | 130.2 | 128.6 | 135.7 | 141.4 | 132.9 | |||
Q3/2022 | 136.6 | 126.1 | 151.7 | 140.9 | 163.3 | 131.8 | 138.6 | 143.7 | 138.9 | 124.6 | 122.5 | 135.7 | 130.1 | 142.1 | 147.4 | 139.0 | |||
Q2/2022 | 128.3 | 121.2 | 145.7 | 131.6 | 140.9 | 124.8 | 127.9 | 134.9 | 130.0 | 119.3 | 120.5 | 127.6 | 126.0 | 127.4 | 137.6 | 129.9 | |||
Q1/2022 | 131.0 | 125.7 | 153.3 | 140.1 | 134.3 | 125.6 | 130.9 | 136.5 | 131.7 | 125.2 | 122.4 | 127.6 | 131.7 | 129.4 | 142.2 | 134.4 | |||
Q4/2021 | 133.4 | 127.2 | 154.0 | 139.8 | 140.3 | 128.9 | 135.6 | 137.2 | 136.3 | 126.6 | 116.8 | 128.3 | 130.8 | 139.9 | 147.8 | 136.9 | |||
Q3/2021 | 132.6 | 127.0 | 149.5 | 144.1 | 135.3 | 127.4 | 133.3 | 138.2 | 137.9 | 124.9 | 110.1 | 127.5 | 129.2 | 136.0 | 147.5 | 141.9 | |||
Q2/2021 | 120.8 | 117.2 | 139.3 | 129.2 | 113.1 | 118.0 | 119.4 | 123.4 | 125.6 | 117.1 | 110.9 | 116.4 | 118.9 | 122.8 | 138.3 | 124.1 | |||
Q1/2021 | 112.2 | 111.1 | 133.0 | 119.7 | 97.0 | 109.6 | 110.6 | 114.0 | 117.3 | 109.1 | 102.5 | 106.4 | 111.7 | 114.2 | 130.6 | 116.1 | |||
Q4/2020 | 106.9 | 102.6 | 123.2 | 116.3 | 97.6 | 104.7 | 108.1 | 111.1 | 105.9 | 98.9 | 108.7 | 101.5 | 104.6 | 109.1 | 127.5 | 111.1 | |||
Q3/2020 | 94.9 | 89.1 | 107.1 | 107.4 | 88.4 | 92.3 | 97.3 | 96.9 | 97.3 | 87.8 | 87.8 | 91.0 | 92.2 | 96.4 | 114.2 | 96.9 | |||
Q2/2020 | 93.9 | 91.4 | 100.0 | 103.3 | 93.8 | 90.2 | 95.1 | 96.0 | 93.7 | 91.3 | 87.1 | 91.4 | 90.8 | 95.9 | 105.3 | 97.8 | |||
Q1/2020 | 134.6 | 122.8 | 159.0 | 140.2 | 149.1 | 131.2 | 137.2 | 139.7 | 135.1 | 123.5 | 130.0 | 133.8 | 127.5 | 138.8 | 146.6 | 137.8 | |||
Q4/2019 | 134.3 | 122.1 | 152.9 | 140.6 | 153.0 | 130.9 | 137.6 | 140.4 | 132.7 | 124.4 | 127.8 | 132.5 | 129.5 | 137.6 | 149.9 | 135.2 | |||
Q3/2019 | 138.3 | 127.4 | 154.9 | 144.5 | 158.3 | 134.2 | 140.8 | 144.4 | 140.5 | 127.5 | 124.7 | 136.0 | 131.0 | 144.2 | 154.4 | 141.1 | |||
Q2/2019 | 137.1 | 127.3 | 156.0 | 142.1 | 153.0 | 133.4 | 140.9 | 143.2 | 136.6 | 125.1 | 130.1 | 135.9 | 130.1 | 142.1 | 150.0 | 139.6 | |||
Q1/2019 | 137.4 | 123.9 | 158.7 | 147.2 | 152.6 | 133.5 | 140.7 | 145.3 | 138.2 | 122.5 | 128.1 | 136.7 | 129.4 | 140.6 | 150.0 | 142.6 | |||
Q4/2018 | 137.7 | 128.3 | 156.1 | 145.4 | 150.0 | 133.6 | 141.2 | 143.8 | 135.8 | 125.5 | 137.6 | 136.2 | 130.8 | 143.7 | 151.2 | 138.9 | |||
Q3/2018 | 140.5 | 132.5 | 158.7 | 148.1 | 155.3 | 135.1 | 144.2 | 146.3 | 141.4 | 128.6 | 131.3 | 138.8 | 132.9 | 147.3 | 154.6 | 142.1 | |||
Q2/2018 | 140.0 | 132.5 | 156.4 | 148.1 | 157.6 | 133.9 | 143.6 | 147.4 | 142.0 | 125.7 | 126.5 | 137.2 | 135.3 | 147.1 | 152.0 | 142.5 | |||
Q1/2018 | 137.4 | 132.0 | 149.6 | 145.1 | 148.7 | 132.4 | 136.4 | 145.7 | 140.8 | 126.5 | 127.4 | 135.4 | 130.7 | 144.0 | 151.4 | 140.6 | |||
Q4/2017 | 140.6 | 130.4 | 155.6 | 151.7 | 158.6 | 134.9 | 143.0 | 148.4 | 144.7 | 123.6 | 132.1 | 138.0 | 136.4 | 147.3 | 152.6 | 142.0 | |||
Q3/2017 | 143.8 | 134.4 | 157.8 | 153.0 | 167.9 | 137.2 | 146.1 | 150.7 | 145.6 | 132.4 | 131.8 | 141.5 | 136.6 | 150.0 | 163.8 | 144.6 | |||
Q2/2017 | 142.6 | 133.7 | 158.1 | 149.3 | 166.5 | 136.4 | 144.5 | 148.9 | 147.4 | 127.1 | 135.2 | 142.0 | 137.2 | 145.9 | 155.7 | 141.2 | |||
Q1/2017 | 138.9 | 132.1 | 154.5 | 149.3 | 152.2 | 132.6 | 140.0 | 144.8 | 139.5 | 130.4 | 132.1 | 138.5 | 135.5 | 139.7 | 150.6 | 136.8 | |||
Q4/2016 | 138.5 | 129.0 | 146.3 | 148.8 | 156.0 | 133.9 | 139.4 | 145.1 | 140.1 | 127.3 | 134.0 | 137.2 | 132.7 | 144.4 | 150.3 | 138.8 | |||
Q3/2016 | 139.1 | 131.9 | 147.1 | 148.0 | 159.7 | 133.2 | 140.6 | 145.8 | 141.1 | 129.9 | 124.3 | 136.9 | 135.0 | 144.6 | 149.7 | 140.9 | |||
Q2/2016 | 138.7 | 131.3 | 146.1 | 146.6 | 164.3 | 132.2 | 137.4 | 146.2 | 142.8 | 127.5 | 132.4 | 138.0 | 136.4 | 137.8 | 148.9 | 137.7 | |||
Q1/2016 | 134.8 | 127.7 | 147.3 | 144.9 | 148.3 | 129.2 | 136.8 | 143.9 | 131.0 | 125.9 | 127.6 | 133.7 | 135.5 | 131.4 | 145.0 | 131.1 | |||
Q4/2015 | 138.5 | 130.6 | 144.9 | 148.4 | 160.4 | 132.6 | 139.3 | 145.5 | 138.8 | 131.0 | 126.7 | 136.3 | 136.9 | 138.9 | 153.1 | 136.8 | |||
Q3/2015 | 138.0 | 130.4 | 147.9 | 147.6 | 159.3 | 131.6 | 137.9 | 146.1 | 138.6 | 130.1 | 125.8 | 135.4 | 135.3 | 141.1 | 153.0 | 136.3 | |||
Q2/2015 | 136.3 | 130.5 | 144.5 | 143.5 | 153.7 | 130.9 | 134.9 | 142.5 | 137.2 | 132.1 | 125.5 | 134.9 | 135.0 | 137.0 | 144.8 | 135.0 | |||
Q1/2015 | 129.2 | 124.2 | 139.2 | 138.4 | 136.6 | 124.6 | 127.4 | 135.1 | 130.7 | 123.9 | 122.9 | 128.2 | 127.0 | 127.8 | 139.3 | 129.3 | |||
Q4/2014 | 126.2 | 121.3 | 130.1 | 135.5 | 142.5 | 120.5 | 125.1 | 133.1 | 127.9 | 120.9 | 111.5 | 122.9 | 125.3 | 129.8 | 138.5 | 126.0 | |||
Q3/2014 | 129.1 | 122.3 | 127.5 | 138.2 | 155.2 | 123.2 | 125.7 | 135.7 | 133.6 | 123.2 | 120.5 | 128.4 | 124.8 | 129.1 | 141.1 | 129.5 | |||
Q2/2014 | 125.5 | 122.2 | 122.0 | 128.6 | 140.9 | 123.2 | 123.4 | 129.1 | 127.2 | 122.6 | 127.1 | 123.8 | 123.6 | 125.8 | 136.9 | 125.3 | |||
Q1/2014 | 118.6 | 115.7 | 118.9 | 127.6 | 130.6 | 113.6 | 115.2 | 123.1 | 122.4 | 114.2 | 116.3 | 118.2 | 116.0 | 114.0 | 128.7 | 121.8 | |||
Q4/2013 | 115.5 | 112.5 | 107.6 | 123.2 | 137.1 | 110.0 | 115.5 | 119.5 | 118.3 | 111.0 | 101.0 | 114.8 | 113.1 | 116.9 | 121.8 | 115.7 | |||
Q3/2013 | 112.6 | 112.7 | 108.6 | 111.4 | 140.4 | 107.3 | 111.3 | 116.6 | 115.8 | 109.6 | 98.3 | 109.8 | 110.0 | 115.0 | 125.7 | 116.5 | |||
Q2/2013 | 105.6 | 105.8 | 95.0 | 107.1 | 115.4 | 104.1 | 105.2 | 106.9 | 108.8 | 102.4 | 99.2 | 102.6 | 107.5 | 104.9 | 112.9 | 108.3 | |||
Q1/2013 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | |||
Q4/2012 | 105.4 | 97.9 | 102.1 | 108.6 | 122.4 | 104.2 | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | |||
Q3/2012 | 106.8 | 100.9 | 108.9 | 109.0 | 120.2 | 105.0 | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | |||
Q2/2012 | 107.8 | 102.8 | 102.3 | 107.8 | 115.3 | 108.9 | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | |||
Units: Base 2013 I quarter = 100. | |||||||||||||||||||
Source: Idescat and INE. | |||||||||||||||||||
Notes: | |||||||||||||||||||
The entry into force of Royal Decree 463/2020, of 14 March, whereby a state of alarm is declared for the management of the health crisis situation caused by Covid-19, and the subsequent amendments which have restricted non-essential activities, may hamper the comparison of data from the second quarter of 2020 with the rest of the periods. | |||||||||||||||||||
The Business Confidence Index for each quarter of 2012 are not harmonized. | |||||||||||||||||||
(..) Confidential data, low reliability or not available. |
Total | By activity sectors | Industry | Construction | Trade | Accommodation and food service activities and transport | Other services | By size of the business | Less than 10 wage-earners | From 10 to 49 wage earners | From 50 to 199 wage earners | From 200 to 999 wage-earners | 1000 or more wage-earners | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q2/2024 | 136.0 | 127.9 | 148.5 | 139.0 | 143.2 | 132.3 | 137.9 | 139.4 | 133.2 | 128.8 | 119.1 | ||
Q1/2024 | 134.0 | 125.0 | 148.4 | 138.8 | 137.6 | 130.9 | 134.6 | 137.7 | 130.2 | 127.8 | 122.2 | ||
Q4/2023 | 133.2 | 122.5 | 145.4 | 138.4 | 139.0 | 130.6 | 134.4 | 136.8 | 129.6 | 125.8 | 120.7 | ||
Q3/2023 | 135.9 | 126.5 | 148.9 | 139.9 | 145.4 | 131.7 | 138.1 | 140.1 | 132.9 | 126.4 | 120.0 | ||
Q2/2023 | 132.5 | 123.9 | 144.5 | 136.9 | 138.4 | 129.2 | 135.0 | 136.4 | 130.0 | 121.1 | 119.2 | ||
Q1/2023 | 129.0 | 120.1 | 142.0 | 132.1 | 130.7 | 127.7 | 129.1 | 134.3 | 126.0 | 120.7 | 118.8 | ||
Q4/2022 | 127.2 | 116.0 | 139.5 | 128.7 | 134.7 | 126.3 | 129.6 | 130.5 | 124.4 | 117.6 | 114.9 | ||
Q3/2022 | 131.0 | 121.9 | 140.4 | 131.4 | 138.7 | 130.1 | 132.7 | 134.5 | 128.5 | 121.1 | 119.8 | ||
Q2/2022 | 121.9 | 113.6 | 132.4 | 122.3 | 122.9 | 122.6 | 123.2 | 123.5 | 120.3 | 114.3 | 114.8 | ||
Q1/2022 | 127.0 | 121.9 | 140.3 | 131.2 | 121.9 | 125.2 | 128.0 | 129.7 | 123.8 | 120.7 | 119.1 | ||
Q4/2021 | 130.3 | 123.9 | 144.4 | 135.6 | 131.0 | 126.4 | 133.1 | 133.1 | 127.5 | 122.6 | 115.7 | ||
Q3/2021 | 128.9 | 124.8 | 142.9 | 135.5 | 123.5 | 125.0 | 130.7 | 131.9 | 125.3 | 122.0 | 118.4 | ||
Q2/2021 | 114.8 | 115.4 | 130.6 | 116.8 | 99.7 | 113.7 | 115.7 | 115.2 | 114.1 | 111.4 | 106.8 | ||
Q1/2021 | 109.3 | 110.1 | 123.7 | 113.4 | 94.0 | 107.5 | 108.7 | 109.5 | 108.7 | 108.7 | 104.7 | ||
Q4/2020 | 105.5 | 102.8 | 120.0 | 111.8 | 94.5 | 102.8 | 107.1 | 107.7 | 102.1 | 100.6 | 97.7 | ||
Q3/2020 | 95.5 | 91.3 | 105.3 | 104.9 | 87.2 | 92.4 | 98.3 | 97.5 | 93.2 | 88.5 | 84.6 | ||
Q2/2020 | 95.5 | 94.7 | 101.1 | 98.0 | 91.5 | 93.8 | 94.0 | 95.9 | 95.6 | 90.8 | 94.5 | ||
Q1/2020 | 130.6 | 123.5 | 142.9 | 131.3 | 135.3 | 128.5 | 131.8 | 133.3 | 127.7 | 123.8 | 121.2 | ||
Q4/2019 | 131.1 | 123.5 | 142.3 | 134.3 | 139.1 | 127.4 | 134.4 | 134.5 | 127.4 | 121.6 | 117.9 | ||
Q3/2019 | 135.0 | 127.2 | 147.8 | 136.5 | 143.3 | 131.7 | 138.5 | 139.2 | 131.1 | 125.1 | 119.1 | ||
Q2/2019 | 132.9 | 125.7 | 146.8 | 134.3 | 138.8 | 130.0 | 136.5 | 136.0 | 129.2 | 123.6 | 121.6 | ||
Q1/2019 | 132.5 | 126.2 | 146.4 | 134.8 | 134.9 | 129.8 | 134.2 | 136.9 | 130.1 | 123.6 | 121.5 | ||
Q4/2018 | 133.9 | 127.3 | 146.3 | 135.8 | 139.5 | 130.9 | 137.1 | 137.7 | 130.9 | 124.7 | 120.8 | ||
Q3/2018 | 136.2 | 130.6 | 147.8 | 138.0 | 143.4 | 132.4 | 139.4 | 140.1 | 133.7 | 127.1 | 121.4 | ||
Q2/2018 | 135.5 | 130.8 | 144.9 | 137.6 | 141.3 | 132.1 | 137.6 | 139.7 | 134.2 | 126.3 | 123.5 | ||
Q1/2018 | 134.9 | 129.4 | 145.8 | 138.0 | 139.7 | 131.1 | 135.6 | 139.9 | 133.0 | 127.3 | 125.8 | ||
Q4/2017 | 135.4 | 128.8 | 143.9 | 139.2 | 145.2 | 130.8 | 138.0 | 139.8 | 133.5 | 125.9 | 122.2 | ||
Q3/2017 | 136.9 | 130.6 | 144.4 | 140.9 | 148.2 | 132.1 | 141.0 | 140.2 | 134.2 | 127.0 | 123.0 | ||
Q2/2017 | 134.2 | 129.1 | 140.7 | 138.0 | 141.7 | 130.2 | 136.8 | 137.7 | 132.2 | 126.2 | 121.9 | ||
Q1/2017 | 131.8 | 128.2 | 136.6 | 137.0 | 136.7 | 127.7 | 132.2 | 136.9 | 130.2 | 125.0 | 122.4 | ||
Q4/2016 | 131.4 | 125.6 | 133.5 | 138.4 | 141.0 | 126.7 | 133.8 | 135.8 | 128.3 | 123.1 | 120.4 | ||
Q3/2016 | 131.2 | 126.8 | 132.2 | 137.2 | 140.8 | 126.5 | 132.6 | 135.9 | 128.9 | 124.0 | 121.2 | ||
Q2/2016 | 130.5 | 126.7 | 128.9 | 135.3 | 140.7 | 126.8 | 131.7 | 134.5 | 129.3 | 124.3 | 120.8 | ||
Q1/2016 | 129.7 | 126.3 | 132.2 | 135.5 | 133.7 | 126.3 | 129.6 | 135.7 | 128.2 | 124.2 | 119.6 | ||
Q4/2015 | 131.4 | 127.0 | 133.5 | 137.2 | 139.7 | 127.1 | 132.9 | 135.8 | 130.6 | 124.6 | 119.1 | ||
Q3/2015 | 131.2 | 127.9 | 134.3 | 135.2 | 139.2 | 126.9 | 133.0 | 135.3 | 130.4 | 123.6 | 119.7 | ||
Q2/2015 | 128.1 | 124.6 | 130.4 | 130.5 | 134.1 | 125.7 | 128.9 | 131.5 | 128.6 | 122.4 | 118.7 | ||
Q1/2015 | 123.2 | 121.4 | 124.3 | 127.1 | 127.0 | 120.3 | 122.8 | 126.6 | 124.4 | 118.5 | 117.0 | ||
Q4/2014 | 123.2 | 119.3 | 122.5 | 127.0 | 130.9 | 120.6 | 124.2 | 125.9 | 123.9 | 117.6 | 115.2 | ||
Q3/2014 | 123.0 | 120.6 | 122.3 | 127.9 | 130.9 | 119.0 | 123.9 | 125.6 | 125.1 | 116.8 | 115.7 | ||
Q2/2014 | 118.3 | 116.8 | 116.0 | 121.8 | 124.9 | 115.6 | 118.5 | 120.3 | 119.6 | 114.7 | 115.0 | ||
Q1/2014 | 113.9 | 112.5 | 112.2 | 118.9 | 116.5 | 111.6 | 112.4 | 115.8 | 115.0 | 114.2 | 109.9 | ||
Q4/2013 | 113.0 | 110.9 | 109.1 | 117.1 | 119.2 | 110.9 | 114.1 | 114.5 | 112.3 | 110.1 | 107.4 | ||
Q3/2013 | 109.3 | 109.4 | 105.9 | 111.1 | 115.6 | 107.0 | 110.5 | 110.0 | 109.2 | 107.1 | 101.8 | ||
Q2/2013 | 103.6 | 102.7 | 102.0 | 103.3 | 106.7 | 103.5 | 104.6 | 103.7 | 103.0 | 101.7 | 101.3 | ||
Q1/2013 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||
Q4/2012 | 104.1 | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | ||
Q3/2012 | 105.5 | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | ||
Q2/2012 | 106.9 | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | .. Confidential data, low reliability or not available | ||
Units: Base 2013 I quarter = 100. | |||||||||||||
Source: INE. | |||||||||||||
Note: The entry into force of Royal Decree 463/2020, of 14 March, whereby a state of alarm is declared for the management of the health crisis situation caused by Covid-19, and the subsequent amendments which have restricted non-essential activities, may hamper the comparison of data from the second quarter of 2020 with the rest of the periods. | |||||||||||||
(..) Confidential data, low reliability or not available. |
Last update: April 19, 2024. Next update: July 11, 2024
Methodological note
Business confidence indicators (BCI) are based on biased or qualitative circumstantialeconomic surveys on establishments. This type of survey at any given time captures the opinion held by entrepreneurson the current and future situation of the activity of their business.
The Harmonised Business Confidence Indesx (HBCI) is constructed on the basis of Business confidence (BC). The variable used in calculating the harmonized business confidence index (HBCI) is the evolution of the business of the establishment during the preceding quarter (status indicator) and for the following quarter (expectation indicator).
Said methodology is expanded in Business Confidence Indicators.
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